Wood-turning lathe.



Patented luly l6. l90l. B. D. WHlTN-EY 8|. B. S. LOVELAND.

WOOII TURNING LATHE.

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No. 678,847. Patented July I6, 1901.

B. n. WHITNEY & B. s. LOVELAND.

WOOD TURNING LATHE.

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(Application filed Oct. 26, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BAXTER D. WHITNEY AND BYRON S. LOVELAND, OF WINCHENDON, MAS- SACHUSETTS; SAID LOVELAND ASSIGNOR TO SAID XVIIITNEY.

WOOD-TURNING LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 678,847, dated July 16, 1901.

Application filed October 26, 1898. flerial No. 694,648. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that we, BAXTER D. WHITNEY and BYRON S. LOVELAND, citizens of the United States, residing at Winchendon, in the county of Worcester and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wood-Turning Lathes, of which the following is a specification, accompanied by drawings forming a part of the same, in which Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a wood-turninglathe embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 represents a rear elevation of a portion of the lathe. Fig. 4. is a transverse sectional view on line 4 4, Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view on lines 5 5, Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of the feeding mechanism. Fig. 7 represents a portion of the carriage in sectional view on line 7 7, Fig. 2; and Fig. 8 is a view ofaportion of the carriage on line 8 S, Fig. 2, showing the die and its right and left hand adj usting-screw.

Similar characters refer to similar parts in the different figures.

The object of our invention is to increase the efficiency and convenience of operation of a wood-turning lathe; andit consists in the construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described, and set forth in the annexed claims.

Referring to the drawings, A denotes the bed of the lathe, provided with ways A A B denotes a tool-supporting carriage capable of a longitudinal feeding motion along the ways of the lathe in the usual and well known manner. Mounted upon the carriage B are cutting-knives, consisting in the presis a feed-screw D, carrying a cone pulley D, driven by suitable belt connections from a pulley D on the live-spindle through an intermediate counter-shaft D The feed-screw 5 5 extends lengthwise the lathe beneath the carriage and is protected from chips and shavings by a shield-plate D which is supported by and extends lengthwise the bed of the lathe and projects over the top of the feedscrew.

The carriage B is provided with an apron B,'Figs. 4 and 5, extending downwardly between the ways A and A and provided with vertical ways for a pair of sliding plates E E, (shown detached in-Fig. 6,) each of which carries a half-nut F F, adapted to engage the feed-screw D. The sliding plates E E are actuated to carry the half-nuts F F into and out of engagement with the feed-screw 7o D by means of a rocking shaft G, journaled in the carriage B and provided with radial arms G G having spurs (not shown) which enter mortises G G in the sliding plates E E. The rocking shaft G is operatively connected with a lever-handle G by which the half-nuts F F can bethrown into engagement with the feed-screw, causing a feeding motion to be imparted to the carriage B, and means are provided, such as are usually employed for the purpose in lathes of this class such, for example, as a fixed stopby which the lever-handle G is reversed in order to automatically disengage the half-nuts F F when the carriage B has reached the limit of its movement toward the head-stock A.

A cord H is attached at one end of the carriage B and, passing over the pulley H, holds a weight H suspended at its opposite end in order to draw the carriage back when the halfgo nuts F F are disengaged from the feed-screw. The V- knife 13 is so designated on account of the plane of its cutting edge forming an acute or V-shaped angle with the plane of rotation of the work carried by the spindles A and O, and it is supported upon a frame I, pivoted at one end in the lugs I I on the carriage B and having its opposite end I turneddownwardly and resting upon a camtrack 1 attached to the bed of the lathe. The cam-track I has its upper edge shaped to correspondwith the pattern to be turned,whereby a rising-and-falling motion is imparted to the frame I, carrying the V- knife B as the carriage B is fed along the bed of the lathe. The lug I is higher than the lug I, so that the axis of the frame I, carrying the V- knife, is tilted between the lugs I 1 bringing its axis of oscillation in a plane at right angles, or nearly so, with the plane of the cutting edge of the V- knife, thereby making the plane of the cutting edge of the V-knife coincident with its plane of oscillation, so that the rising-and-falling motion of the V-knife as actuated by the cam-track I will simply vary the depth of its out without varying the thickness of the chip, which will be determined solely by the movement of the carriage B as actuated by the feed-screw D. The frame I is also provided with a step or shelf J, on the upper surface of which an ordinary smoothing-knife, such as is usually used in lathes of this class, may be supported and held in position by a clamping-screw J, said screw J passing through a hole or slot in the knife and entering the step or support J thereby clamping the knife on the upper side of the support, and in order to raise or lower a knife held on the support J the frame I is provided with a screw J, tapped into the frame I and bearing against the top of the carriage B, and asecond screw J turning looselyin the frame I and tapped into the carriage B with the head of the screw J bearing against the upper surface of the frame I.

When a smoothing-knife is attached to the knife-support. J, it is vertically raised by means of the screw J, which lifts the frame I off the cam-track I by being screwed against the carriage B, and the smoothing-knife is held against the work by the screw J which is screwed into the -carriage, so as to hold the point of the screw J firmly against the top of the carriage; but when the V-knife B is used the smoothing-knife is omitted and the screws J J 2 are withdrawn in order to permit a rising-and-falling motion to be imparted to the frame I by means of the cam-track I, as already described.

The carriage B is provided with a groove K, parallel with the bed of the lathe and containing a sliding cam-bar K, provided with the cam-surface K adapted to lift the frame I when the cam-bar K is moved longitudinally in the groove K. The ends of the cambar K are arranged to overhang the carriage B at each end of its sliding motion, and an adjustable stop K attached to the head-stock, is arranged in the path of the sliding cambar, so that when the carriage B reaches the end of its feeding movement the cam-bar will be pushed along the carriage B and raise the frame I, carrying the V- knife entirely out of engagement with the work, and when the motion of the carriage B is reversed by means of the cord H and weight H the opposite end of the sliding cam-bar K is brought against the tail-stock of the lathe, which reverses the movement of the sliding cam-bar and allows the frame I to drop down into contact with the cam-track I Mounted upon the carriage B is a die B through which the work passes. Said die is made in two parts 1 and 2, capable of sliding in ways in the carriage B at right angles to the ways A A of the lathe, and are actuated by a right-and-left screw 3, journaled in the carriage and provided with an operatinghandle at. The part 2 of the die carries the roughing-knife B, by which it cuts a path for the die as the parts 1 and 2 are moved toward the work by the screw 3. Each part 1 and 2 of the die is provided with a curved face, which is concentric with the axis of the rotating work and is brought into contact with the work to support the same. By making the die in two parts I am able to leave a square stub end on the Work by opening the die as it passes the stub end and bringing it together against the cylindrical portion of the turned work.

When the cutting-knives supported on the carriage B have passed over the work, a smoothing-knife L, having its lower orcutting edge shaped to correspond with the desired pattern of the work and carried by a vertically-sliding frame, is brought down against the revolving work in the usual manner.

The vertically-sliding frame consists of a cutter-bar L, attached to an oblique rail L connecting the vertical sides L L which slide in ways L L, attached to the bed of the lathe. The cutter-bar L is capable of a lateral adjustment on the rail L so as to bring the cutting edge of the smoothing-knife L into a vertical plane tangential to the periphcry of the revolving work. The lateral adjustment of the cutter-bar is accomplished by means of adjusting-screws L L engaging the opposite ends of the cutter-bar and journaled in lugs L projecting from the rail L by which the screws are held from longitudinal movement. Binding-screws L at the ends of the cutter-bar rigidly connect the cutter-bar and rail L The center of the cutter-bar is provided on its under side with a dovetail groove L extending transversely across the cutter-bar to receive the dovetailed head of a bolt L held in the rail L by which the rail L and cutter-head are held from springing apart at the center, at the same time permitting the lateral adjustment of the cutter-bar.

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The end of the oblique rail L nearest the frame with an oblique lower rail, as well as upper rail, and to connect the oblique lower rail with the carriage, so that the movement of the carriage on the Ways of the lathe would impart a verticallysliding motion to the frame, while the finishing-knife and cutterbar were carried by the upper oblique rail of the frame, as in the present instance. In such cases the force required to crowd the finishing-knife against the work was transmitted through the sides of the verticallysliding frame to the ends of the upper oblique rail, thereby tending to spring the frame.

\Ve deem it to be new to connect the oblique upper rail of the vertically moving frame at its center to the cutter-bar and also to connect the oblique upper rail, to which the cutter-bar and finishing-knife are attached, directly to the carriage B, so that the force required to lower the sliding frame and carry the finishing-knife against the work will be applied directly to the oblique rail carrying the finishing-knife and approximately in the same transverse vertical plane in which the cutting takes place, thereby making a more rigid connection of the finishing-knife with the carriage, relieving the vertically-sliding frame from strain and causing the upward strain upon the rail L produced by the pressure of the work against the edge of the finishing-knife, to be received directly by the carriage and be counterbalanced by the downward pressure of the work against the die B which is supported upon the carriage.

The arm M is adjustably attached to the carriage B by means of a bolt N passing through a slot N in the arm. The arm is provided with a lug N carrying an adjusting-screw N which bears against the carriage B, which allows the arm M to be vertically adjusted when it is clamped in position by the bolt N. I

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a lathe, the combination with a lathebed provided with parallel ways for a toolcarriage, a tool-carriage moving on said ways, a rotating feed-screw in the bed of the lathe, an apron on said carriage extending downwardly between said ways, feed-nuts carried by said apron and engaging said feed-screw, and a shield-plate projecting over said feedscrew, substantially as described.

2. In a wood-turning lathe, the combination of a carriage, means for moving said carriage parallel with the axis of the rotating work, a cutting-knife having its edge arranged obliquely to the plane of rotation of the work and a frame supporting said knife, said frame being pivoted on said carriage with its axis of rotation at substantially right angles to the plane of the cutting edge of said knife, substantially as described.

3. In a wood-turning lathe, the combination of a bed having a track or ways, a carriage moving on said track, a tilted frame pivoted on said carriage having its axis inclined relatively to said track and a knife having its cutting edge in a plane at right angles to the axis of said tilted frame, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a lathe-bed having a' track, a carriage, means for moving said carriage on said track, a swinging frame pivoted on said carriage, a knife supported by said swinging frame, a sliding cam-plate held in said carriage by which said swinging frame is raised, and a fixed stop arranged in the path of said cam-plate, whereby said camplate is moved against said frame to raise the knife from the work, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a lathe-bed having a track for a carriage, and a carriage moving on said track, means for rotating the work, of a vertically-sliding frame, comprising an oblique rail, a cutter-bar adjustably attached to said oblique rail carried by said frame, a finishing-knife attached to said outter-bar, and an arm attached to said carriage and having a groove engaging said oblique rail, by which said frame is lowered as the carriage moves along said track, substantially as described.

6. In a wood-turning lathe, the combination with a vertically-slidin g frame having an upper oblique rail, a finishing-knife supported by said upper rail, a carriage, means for imparting a feeding motion to said carriage, a die held on said carriage for supporting the work while being turned, and a connect ing-arm between said upper oblique rail and said carriage, whereby the frame is moved to carry the finishing-knife against the work by a pulling strain, which is received by said die, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a vertically-sliding frame having an oblique rail L a cutterbar adj ustably attached to said rail and having a transverse dovetailed groovein its central section and a bolt held by said rail and having a dovetailed head inclosed in said groove, and means for adj ustably attaching said cutter-bar at its end to said rail, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a tool-carriage having transverse ways, of a pair of dies having curved faces, and arranged to slide in said ways, a right and left hand screw by which said dies are actuated and a knife carried by one of said dies.

Dated this 17th day of October, 1898.

BAXTER D. WHITNEY. BYRON S. LOVELAND.

Witnesses:

FRANKLIN A. PARK, FRANK B. SPALTER. 

